![]() ![]() ![]() However, some kind of qualitative or quantitative research might be used to help design or evaluate the artefact. The latter usually involves the design of an artefact, something that is not normally considered with the former. For example, qualitative and quantitative research in information systems follow the social science model of research, whereas design research or design science research follows the engineering model of research. An empirical example of the use of triangulation is Markus’ (1994) paper on electronic mail.Īs well as the qualitative/quantitative distinction, there are other distinctions which are commonly made. Good discussions of triangulation can be found in Gable (1994), Kaplan and Duchon (1988), Lee (1991), Mingers (2001) and Ragin (1987). Kaplan and Maxwell (1994) argue that the goal of understanding a phenomenon from the point of view of the participants and its particular social and institutional context is largely lost when textual data are quantified.Īlthough most researchers do either quantitative or qualitative research work, some researchers have suggested combining one or more research methods in the one study (called triangulation). The motivation for doing qualitative research, as opposed to quantitative research, comes from the observation that, if there is one thing which distinguishes humans from the natural world, it is our ability to talk! Qualitative research methods are designed to help researchers understand people and the social and cultural contexts within which they live. ![]() Qualitative data sources include observation and participant observation (fieldwork), interviews and questionnaires, documents and texts, and the researcher’s impressions and reactions (Myers 2020). Examples of qualitative methods are action research, case study research and ethnography. Qualitative research methods were developed in the social sciences to enable researchers to study social and cultural phenomena. econometrics) and numerical methods such as mathematical modeling. Examples of quantitative methods now well accepted in the social sciences include survey methods, laboratory experiments, formal methods (e.g. Quantitative research methods were originally developed in the natural sciences to study natural phenomena. Research methods can be classified in various ways, however one of the most common distinctions is between qualitative and quantitative research methods. Please send suggestions for improvement to the Section Editor at: of Qualitative Research If you wish to cite this work, the complete citation information is included below. The goal is to provide the IS community with useful information on qualitative research in IS (subject to copyright considerations) with as much material as possible provided - through links - by the original authors themselves. citation lists, links to resources on the Internet for qualitative researchers, links to software tools and calls for papers. This is then followed by a number of sub-sections that relate to qualitative research in general, i.e. This is followed by sections on qualitative research methods, qualitative research techniques, and modes of analyzing and interpreting qualitative data. After a general overview of qualitative research, philosophical perspectives which can inform qualitative research are discussed. In Information Systems we study the managerial and organizational issues associated with innovations in information and communications technology hence the interest in the application of qualitative research methods. Qualitative researchers can be found in many disciplines and fields, using a variety of approaches, methods and techniques. Qualitative research involves the use of qualitative data, such as interviews, documents, and participant observation data, to understand and explain social phenomena. This section is dedicated to qualitative research in Information Systems (IS). ![]()
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